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When a diatomic molecule is ionized by an intense laser field, the ionizationrate depends very strongly on the inter-nuclear separation. That dependenceexhibits a pronounced maximum at the inter-nuclear separation known as thecritical distance. This phenomenon was first demonstrated theoretically in H2+and became known as charge-resonance enhanced ionization (CREI, in reference toa proposed physical mechanism) or simply enhanced ionisation (EI). Alltheoretical models of this phenomenon predict a double-peak structure in theR-dependent ionization rate of H2+. However, such double-peak structure hasnever been observed experimentally. It was even suggested that it is impossibleto observe due to fast motion of the nuclear wavepackets. Here we report afew-cycle pump-probe experiment which clearly resolves that elusive double-peakstructure. In the experiment, an expanding H2+ ion produced by an intense pumppulse is probed by a much weaker probe pulse. The predicted double-peakstructure is clearly seen in delay-dependent kinetic energy spectra of protonswhen pump and probe pulses are polarized parallel to each other. No structureis seen when the probe is polarized perpendicular to the pump.

Experimental observation of the elusive double-peak structure in R-dependent strong-field ionization rate of H2+