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Neutron tagging in Gadolinium-doped water may play a significant role inreducing backgrounds from atmospheric neutrinos in next generation proton-decaysearches using megaton-scale Water Cherenkov detectors. Similar techniquesmight also be useful in the detection of supernova neutrinos. Accuratedetermination of neutron tagging efficiencies will require a detailedunderstanding of the number of neutrons produced by neutrino interactions inwater as a function of momentum transferred. We propose the AtmosphericNeutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE), designed to measure theneutron yield of atmospheric neutrino interactions in gadolinium-doped water.An innovative aspect of the ANNIE design is the use of precision timing tolocalize interaction vertices in the small fiducial volume of the detector. Wepropose to achieve this by using early production of LAPPDs (Large AreaPicosecond Photodetectors). This experiment will be a first application ofthese devices demonstrating their feasibility for Water Cherenkov neutrinodetectors.

Letter of Intent: The Accelerator Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment (ANNIE)