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A goal in the forensic interpretation of scientific evidence is to make aninference about the source of a trace of unknown origin. The evidence iscomposed of the following three elements: (a) the trace of unknown origin, (b)a sample from a specific source, and (c) a collection of samples from thealternative source population. The inference process usually considers twopropositions. The first proposition is usually referred to as the prosecutionhypothesis and states that a given specific source is the actual source of thetrace of unknown origin. The second, usually referred to as the defensehypothesis, states that the actual source of the trace of unknown origin isanother source from a relevant alternative source population. One approach isto calculate a Bayes Factor for deciding between the two competing hypotheses.This approach commonly assumes that the alternative source population iscompletely known or uses point estimates for its parameters. Contrary to thiscommon approach, we propose a development that incorporates the uncertainty onthe alternative source population parameters in a reasonable and coherentmanner into the Bayes Factor. We will illustrate the resulting effects on thecalculation of several Bayes Factors for different situations with awell-studied collection of samples of glass fragments.

A Note on the Specific Source Identification Problem in Forensic Science in the Presence of Uncertainty about the Background Population