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Since the first appearance in Fridrich's design, the usage ofpermutation-diffusion structure for designing digital image cryptosystem hasbeen receiving increasing research attention in the field of chaos-basedcryptography. Recently, a novel chaotic Image Cipher using one round ModifiedPermutation-Diffusion pattern (ICMPD) was proposed. Unlike traditionalpermutation-diffusion structure, the permutation is operated on bit levelinstead of pixel level and the diffusion is operated on masked pixels, whichare obtained by carrying out the classical affine cipher, instead of plainpixels in ICMPD. Following a \textit{divide-and-conquer strategy}, this paperreports that ICMPD can be compromised by a chosen-plaintext attack efficientlyand the involved data complexity is linear to the size of the plain-image.Moreover, the relationship between the cryptographic kernel at the diffusionstage of ICMPD and modulo addition then XORing is explored thoroughly.

Chosen-plaintext attack of an image encryption scheme based on modified permutation-diffusion structure