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We consider extensive data on Spanish international trades and populationcomposition and, through statistical-mechanics and graph-theory drivenanalysis, we unveil that the social network made of native and foreign-bornindividuals plays a role in the evolution and in the diversification of trades.Indeed, migrants naturally provide key information on policies and needs intheir native countries, hence allowing firm's holders to leverage transactionalcosts of exports and duties. As a consequence, international trading isaffordable for a larger basin of firms and thus results in an increased numberof transactions, which, in turn, implies a larger diversification ofinternational traded products. These results corroborate the novel scenariodepicted by "Economical Complexity", where the pattern of production and tradeof more developed countries is highly diversified. We also address a centralquestion in Economics, concerning the existence of a critical threshold formigrants (within a given territorial district) over which they effectivelycontribute to boost international trades: in our physically-driven picture,this phenomenon corresponds to the emergence of a phase transition and,tackling the problem from this perspective, results in a novel successfulquantitative route. Finally, we can infer that the pattern of interactionbetween native and foreign-born population exhibits small-world features assmall diameter, large clustering, and weak ties working as optimal cut-edge, incomplete agreement with findings in "Social Complexity".

Insights in Economical Complexity in Spain: the hidden boost of migrants in international tradings