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Due to the advantages of universality, flexibility and high performance, fastEthernet is widely used in readout system design of modern particle physicsexperiments. However, Ethernet is usually used together with TCP/IP protocolstack, which makes it difficult to be implemented because designers have to useoperating system to process this protocol. Furthermore, TCP/IP protocoldegrades the transmission efficiency and real-time performance. To maximize theperformance of Ethernet in physics experiment applications, a data readoutmethod based on physical layer (PHY) is proposed in this paper. In this method,TCP/IP protocol is forsaken and replaced with a customized and simple protocol,which make it easier to be implemented. On each readout module, data fromfront-end electronics is first fed into an FPGA for protocol processing andthen sent out to a PHY chip controlled by this FPGA for transmission. This kindof data path is fully implemented by hardware. While from the side of dataacquisition system (DAQ), absence of standard protocol makes the networkrelated applications panic. To solve this problem, in the operating systemkernel space, data received by network interface card is drawn away from thetraditional flow and redirected to a specified memory space by a customizedprogram. This memory space can be easily accessed by applications in userspace. For the purpose of verification, a prototype system is designed andimplemented. Preliminary test result shows that this method can meet therequirement of data transmission from readout module to DAQ with goodefficiency and simplicity.

A Data Transmission Method Based on Ethernet Physical Layer for Particle Physics Experiment