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We present two hyperentanglement concentration schemes for two-photon statesthat are partially entangled in the polarization and time-bin degrees offreedom. The first scheme distills a maximally hyperentangled state from twoidentical less-entangled states with unknown parameters via the Schmidtprojection method. The other scheme can be used to concentrate an initial statewith known parameters, and requires only one copy of the initial state for theconcentration process. Both these two protocols can be generalized toconcentrate N-photon hyperentangled Greenberger- Horne-Zeilinger states thatare simultaneously entangled in the polarization and time-bin degrees offreedom. Our schemes require only linear optics and are feasible with currenttechnology. Using the time-bin degree of freedom rather than the spatial modedegree of freedom can provide savings in quantum resources, which makes ourschemes practical and useful for long-distance quantum communication.

Hyperentanglement concentration for time-bin and polarization hyperentangled photons