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Visual recognition of material boundaries in transparent vessels is valuablefor numerous applications. Such recognition is essential for estimation offill-level, volume and phase-boundaries as well as for tracking of suchchemical processes as precipitation, crystallization, condensation, evaporationand phase-separation. The problem of material boundary recognition in images isparticularly complex for materials with non-flat surfaces, i.e., solids,powders and viscous fluids, in which the material interfaces have unpredictableshapes. This work demonstrates a general method for finding the boundaries ofmaterials inside transparent containers in images. The method uses an image ofthe transparent vessel containing the material and the boundary of the vesselin this image. The recognition is based on the assumption that the materialboundary appears in the image in the form of a curve (with various constraints)whose endpoints are both positioned on the vessel contour. The probability thata curve matches the material boundary in the image is evaluated using a costfunction based on some image properties along this curve. Several imageproperties were examined as indicators for the material boundary. The optimalboundary curve was found using Dijkstra's algorithm. The method wassuccessfully examined for recognition of various types of phase-boundaries,including liquid-air, solid-air and solid-liquid interfaces, as well as forvarious types of glassware containers from everyday life and the chemistrylaboratory (i.e., bottles, beakers, flasks, jars, columns, vials andseparation-funnels). In addition, the method can be easily extended tomaterials carried on top of carrier vessels (i.e., plates, spoons, spatulas).

Tracing the boundaries of materials in transparent vessels using computer vision