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Millimeter wave (mmW) wireless networks are capable to support multi-gigabitdata rates, by using directional communications with narrow beams. However,existing mmW communications standards are hindered by two problems: deafnessand single link scheduling. The deafness problem, that is, a misalignmentbetween transmitter and receiver beams, demands a time consuming beam-searchingoperation, which leads to an alignment-throughput tradeoff. Moreover, theexisting mmW standards schedule a single link in each time slot and hence donot fully exploit the potential of mmW communications, where directionalcommunications allow multiple concurrent transmissions. These two problems areaddressed in this paper, where a joint beamwidth selection and power allocationproblem is formulated by an optimization problem for short range mmW networkswith the objective of maximizing effective network throughput. Thisoptimization problem allows establishing the fundamental alignment-throughputtradeoff, however it is computationally complex and requires exact knowledge ofnetwork topology, which may not be available in practice. Therefore, twostandard-compliant approximation solution algorithms are developed, which relyon underestimation and overestimation of interference. The first one exploitsdirectionality to maximize the reuse of available spectrum and therebyincreases the network throughput, while imposing almost no computationalcomplexity. The second one is a more conservative approach that protects allactive links from harmful interference, yet enhances the network throughput by100% compared to the existing standards. Extensive performance analysisprovides useful insights on the directionality level and the number ofconcurrent transmissions that should be pursued. Interestingly, extremelynarrow beams are in general not optimal.

Beam-searching and Transmission Scheduling in Millimeter Wave Communications