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An efficient method is reported for rapid identification of bacterial ormycobacterial infection in a suspected clinical/biological sample. The methodis based on the fact that the ring methylene protons of cyclic fatty acids(constituting the cell membrane of several species of bacteria andmycobacteria) resonate specifically between -0.40 and 0.68 ppm region of the 1HNMR spectrum. These cyclic fatty acids are rarely found in the eukaryotic cellmembranes. Therefore, the signals from cyclic ring moiety of these fatty acidscan be used as markers (a) for the identification of bacterial andmycobacterial infections and (b) for differential diagnosis of bacterial andfungal infections. However, these microbial fatty acids when present inside themembrane are not easily detectable by NMR owing to their fast T2 relaxation.Nonetheless, the problem can easily be circumvented if these fatty acids becomesuspended in solution. This has been achieved by abolishing the membraneintegrity using broad spectrum antibiotics (including ampicillin). Thesuspended fatty acids are then detected by NMR to probe the infection.Therefore, the method has been given the name AADNMR i.e. Add Antibiotic toDetect by NMR. The method has been tested here using both Gram positive andGram negative bacterial strains and finally the utility of method isdemonstrated for discriminating bacterial and fungal infections to aid timelydiagnosis of infectious peritonitis (a life threatening complication associatedwith prolonged peritoneal dialysis).

AADNMR: A Simple Method for Rapid Identification of  Bacterial/Mycobacterial Infections in Antibiotic Treated Peritoneal Dialysis  Effluent Samples for Diagnosis of Infectious Peritonitis