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In this study, we explore and review the scientific potential for exoplanetcharacterization by a high-contrast optical coronagraph on WFIRST/AFTA. Wesuggest that the heterogeneity in albedo spectra and planet/star flux ratios asa function of orbital distance, planet mass, and composition expected for thegiant exoplanets at separations from their primaries accessible to WFIRST willprovide unique constraints on giant planet atmospheres, evolution, aerosol andcloud properties, and general theory. Such exoplanets are not merelyextrapolations of Jupiter and Saturn, but are likely to occupy a rich continuumof varied behaviors. Each in themselves and jointly, optical spectra,photometry, and polarization measurements of a diverse population of giantexoplanets in the solar neighborhood has the potential to reveal a multitude offundamental features of their gas-giant chemistry, atmospheres, and formation.Such a campaign will enrich our understanding of this class of planets beyondwhat is possible with even a detailed exploration of the giants in our ownsolar system, and will compliment ongoing studies of exoplanets in the infraredand on close-in orbits inaccessible to coronagraphy.

Scientific Return of Coronagraphic Exoplanet Imaging and Spectroscopy Using WFIRST