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3D particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate that the enhanced transparency ofa relativistically hot plasma is sensitive to how the energy is partitionedbetween different degrees of freedom. For an anisotropic electron distribution,propagation characteristics, like the critical density, will depend on thepolarization of the electromagnetic wave. Despite the onset of the Weibelinstability in such plasmas, the anisotropy can persist long enough to affectlaser propagation. This plasma can then function as a polarizer or a waveplateto dramatically alter the pulse polarization.

A Relativistic Plasma Polarizer: Impact of Temperature Anisotropy on Relativistic Transparency