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Many signs indicate that the graphene could widely occur on the early Earth.Here, we report a new theory that graphene might be an embryo of protocellmembrane, and found several evidences. Firstly, the graphene oxide andphospholipid-graphene oxide composite would curl into capsules in stronglyacidic saturated solution of Pb(NO3)2 at low temperature, providing aprotective space for biochemical reactions. Secondly, L-animi acids exhibithigher reactivity than D-animi acids for graphene oxides in favor of theformation of left-handed proteins. Thirdly, monolayer graphene with nanoporesprepared by unfocused 84Kr25+ has high selectivity for permeation of themonovalent metal ions (Rb+ > K+ > Cs+ > Na+ > Li+), but does not allow Cl-through, which could be attributed to the ion exchange of oxygen-containinggroups on the rim of nanopores. It is similar to K+ channels, which would causeefflux of some ions from capsule of graphene oxides with the decrease of pH inthe primitive ocean, creating a suitable inner condition for the origin oflife. Consequently, the strongly acidic, high salinity and strong radiation aswell as temperature changes in the early Earth, regarded as negative factors,would be indispensable for the origin of protocell. In short, graphene bredlife, but digested gradually by the evolution.

An embryo of protocell membrane: The capsule of graphene oxide