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We study the design parameters for an orbital angular momentum (OAM)multiplexed free-space data link. Power loss, channel crosstalk and powerpenalty of the link are analyzed in the case of misalignment between thetransmitter and receiver (lateral displacement, receiver angular error, ortransmitter pointing error). The relationship among the system power loss andlink distance, transmitted beam size and receiver aperture size are discussedbased on the beam divergence due to free space propagation. We also describethe trade-offs for different receiver aperture sizes and mode spacing of thetransmitted OAM beams under given lateral displacements or receiver angularerrors. Through simulations and some experiments, we show that (1) a systemwith a larger transmitted beam size and a larger receiver aperture is moretolerant to the lateral displacement but less tolerant to the receiver angularerror; (2) a system with a larger mode spacing, which uses larger OAM charges,suffers more system power loss but less channel crosstalk; thus, a system witha small mode spacing shows lower system power penalty when system power lossdominates (e.g., small lateral displacement or receiver angular error) whilethat with a larger mode spacing shows lower power penalty when channelcrosstalk dominates (e.g., larger lateral displacement or receiver angularerror); (3) the effects of lateral displacement and receiver angular error arenot necessarily independent; as an example of them combined, the effects of thetransmitter pointing error on the system are also investigated.

Performance Metrics and Design Parameters for a Free-space Communication Link Based on Multiplexing of Multiple Orbital-Angular-Momentum Beams