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Sacrificial bonds and hidden length (SBHL) in structural molecules provide amechanism for energy dissipation at the nanoscale. It is hypothesized thattheir presence leads to greater fracture toughness than what is observed inmaterials without such features. Here, we investigate this hypothesis using asimplified model of a mineralized collagen fibril sliding on a polymericinterface with SBHL systems. A 1D coarse-grained nonlinear spring-mass systemis used to model the fibril. Rate-and-displacement constitutive equations areused to describe the mechanical properties of the polymeric system. The modelquantifies how the interface toughness increases as a function of polymerdensity and number of sacrificial bonds. Other characteristics of the SBHLsystem, such as the length of hidden loops and the strength of the bonds, arefound to influence the results. The model also gives insight into thevariations in the mechanical behavior in response to physiological changes,such as the degree of mineralization of the collagen fibril and polymer densityin the interfibrillar matrix. The model results provide constraints relevantfor bio-mimetic material design and multiscale modeling of fracture in humanbone.

Crack Propagation in Bone on the Scale of Mineralized Collagen Fibrils : Role of Polymers with Sacrificial Bonds and Hidden Length