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The standard way to model the cosmic ray solar modulations is via the Parkerequation, that is as the effect of diffusion in the turbulent magnetic of anexpanding solar wind. Calculations performed with this method that do notinclude a description of the regular magnetic field in the heliosphere predict,in disagreement with the observations, equal modulations for particles andantiparticles. The effects of the regular heliospheric field, that break thethe particle/anti-particle symmetry, have been included in the Parker equationadding convection terms associated to the magnetic drift velocity of chargedparticles moving in non--homogeneous magnetic field. In this work we take acompletely different approach and study the propagation of charged particles inthe heliosphere assuming only the presence of the regular magnetic field, andcompletely neglecting the random component. Assuming that the field is purelymagnetic in the wind frame, one can deduce the existence of a large scaleelectric field, that results in important energy losses for charged particlesthat traverse the heliosphere and reach the Earth. The energy loss (Delta E)due to the large scale regular electric field depends on the particle electriccharge, is proportional to the absolute value of the electric charge, and to agood approximation is independent from the particle energy and direction. Wespeculate that this deterministic energy loss is an important, or perhaps eventhe leading contribution to the solar modulation effects.

Solar modulations by the regular heliospheric electromagnetic field