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Physarum polycephalum is a large single amoeba cell, which in its plasmodialphase,forages and connects nearby food sources with protoplasmic tubes. Theorganism forages for food by growing these tubes towards detected food stuffs,this foraging behaviour is governed by simple rules of photoavoidance andchemotaxis. The electrical activity of the tubes oscillates, creating aperistaltic like action within the tubes, forcing cytoplasm along the lumen;the frequency of this oscillation controls the speed and direction of growth.External stimuli such as light and food cause changes in the oscillationfrequency. We demonstrate that using these stimuli as logical inputs we canapproximate logic gates using these tubes and derive combinational logiccircuits by cascading the gates, with software analysis providing the output ofeach gate and determining the input of the following gate. Basic gates OR, ANDand NOT were correct 90%, 77.8% and 91.7% of the time respectively. Derivedlogic circuits XOR, Half Adder and Full Adder were 70.8%, 65% and 58.8%accurate respectively. Accuracy of the combinational logic decreases as thenumber of gates is increased, however they are at least as accurate as previouslogic approximations using spatial growth of Physarum polycephalum and up to 30times as fast at computing the logical output. The results shown heredemonstrate a significant advancement in organism-based computing, providing asolid basis for hybrid computers of the future.

Slime Mould Logic Gates Based on Frequency Changes of Electrical Potential Oscillation