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Various compositions of sparsely polarized antenna arrays are proposed inthis paper to estimate the direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) and polarizations ofmultiple coherent sources. These polarized antenna arrays are composed of oneof the following five sparsely-spread sub-array geometries: 1) fourspatially-spread dipoles with three orthogonal orientations, 2) fourspatially-spread loops with three orthogonal orientations, 3) threespatially-spread dipoles and three spatially-spread loops with orthogonalorientations, 4) three collocated dipole-loop pairs with orthogonalorientations, and 5) a collocated dipole-triad and a collocated loop-triad. Allthe dipoles/loops/pairs/triads in each sub-array can also be sparsely spacedwith the inter-antenna spacing far larger than a half-wavelength. Only onedimensional spatial-smoothing is used in the proposed algorithm to derive thetwo-dimensional DOAs and polarizations of multiple cross-correlated signals.From the simulation results, the sparse array composed of dipole-triads andloop-triads is recommended to construct a large aperture array, while thesparse arrays composed of only dipoles or only loops are recommended toefficiently reduce the mutual coupling across the antennas. Practicalapplications include distributed arrays and passive radar systems.

Coherent Sources Direction Finding and Polarization Estimation with Various Compositions of Spatially Spread Polarized Antenna Arrays