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The Victor Unit of the Ivishak Formation in the Prudhoe Bay Oilfield ischaracterized by high net-to-gross fluvial sandstones and conglomerates. Thehighest permeability is found within sets of cross-strata of open-frameworkconglomerate (OFC). They are preserved within unit bar deposits and assemblagesof unit bar deposits within compound (braid) bar deposits. They are thief zoneslimiting enhanced oil recovery. We incorporate recent research that hasquantified important attributes of their sedimentary architecture withinpreserved deposits. We use high-resolution models to demonstrate thefundamental aspects of their control on oil production rate, water breakthroughtime, and spatial and temporal distribution of residual oil saturation. Wefound that when the pressure gradient is oriented perpendicular to thepaleoflow direction, the total oil production and the water breakthrough timeare larger, and remaining oil saturation is smaller, than when it is orientedparallel to paleoflow. The pressure difference between production and injectionwells does not affect sweep efficiency, although the spatial distribution ofoil remaining in the reservoir critically depends on this value. Oil sweepefficiency decreases slightly with increase in the proportion of OFCcross-strata. Whether or not clusters of connected OFC span the domain does notvisibly affect sweep efficiency.

Understanding the Impact of Open-Framework Conglomerates on Water-Oil  Displacements: Victor Interval of the Ivishak Reservoir, Prudhoe Bay Field,  Alaska