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Most Java applications, including web based ones, follow the 3-tierarchitecture. Although Java provides standard tools for tier-to-tierinterfaces, the separation of the tiers is usually not perfect. E.g. thedatabase interface, JDBC, assumes that SQL statements are issued from theapplication server. Similarly, in web based Java applications, HTML code isassumed to be produced by servlets. In terms of syntax, this turns Java sourcecode into mixtures of languages: Java and SQL, Java and HTML. These languagemixtures are difficult to read, modify, and maintain.  In this paper we examine criteria and methods to achieve a good separation ofthe 3 tiers and propose a technique to provide a clean separation. Our proposedtechnique requires an explicit Interface and Data Definitions. These allowisolation of the back-end, application server, and front-end development. TheDefinitions also enable application design in terms of aggregated datastructures. As a result significant amounts of auxiliary code can be generatedfrom the Definitions, enabling the developers to concentrate on the businesslogic. By and large the proposed approach greatly facilitates development andmaintenance, and overall improves the quality of the products.

Complete Separation of the 3 Tiers - Divide and Conquer