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We theoretically investigate the influence of the fluctuating Overhauserfield on the spin of an electron confined to a quantum dot (QD). Thefluctuations arise from nuclear angular momentum being exchanged betweendifferent nuclei via the nuclear magnetic dipole coupling. We focus on the roleof the nuclear electric quadrupole moments (QPMs), which generally cause areduction in internuclear spin transfer efficiency in the presence of electricfield gradients. The effects on the electron spin coherence time are studied bymodeling an electron spin echo experiment. We find that the QPMs cause anincrease in the electron spin coherence time and that an inhomogeneousdistribution of the quadrupolar shift, where different nuclei have differentshifts in energy, causes an even larger increase in the electron coherence timethan a homogeneous distribution. Furthermore, a partial polarization of thenuclear spin ensemble amplifies the effect of the inhomogeneous quadrupolarshifts, causing an additional increase in electron coherence time, and providesan alternative to the experimentally challenging suggestion of full dynamicnuclear spin polarization.

Influence of Nuclear Quadrupole Moments on Electron Spin Coherence in Semiconductor Quantum Dots