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We develop a model for the stability and maintenance of phonologicalcategories. Examples of phonological categories are vowel sounds such as "i"and "e". We model such categories as consisting of collections of labeledexemplars that language users store in their memory. Each exemplar is adetailed memory of an instance of the linguistic entity in question. Startingfrom an exemplar-level model we derive integro-differential equations for thelong-term evolution of the density of exemplars in different portions ofphonetic space. Using these latter equations we investigate under whatconditions two phonological categories merge or not. Our main conclusion isthat for the preservation of distinct phonological categories, it is necessarythat anomalous speech tokens of a given category are discarded, and not merelystored in memory as an exemplar of another category.

Exemplar Dynamics Models of the Stability of Phonological Categories