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Differential distributed space-time coding (D-DSTC) technique has beenconsidered for relay networks to provide both diversity gain and highthroughput in the absence of channel state information. Conventionaldifferential detection (CDD) or two-symbol non-coherent detection over slow-fading channels has been examined and shown to suffer 3-4 dB loss whencompared to coherent detections. Moreover, it has also been shown that theperformance of CDD severely degrades in fast-fading channels and an irreducibleerror floor exists at high signal-to-noise ratio region. To overcome the errorfloor experienced with fast-fading, a nearly optimal "multiple-symbol"differential detection (MSDD) is developed in this paper. The MSDD algorithmjointly processes a larger window of received signals for detection andsignificantly improves the performance of D-DSTC in fast-fading channels. Theerror performance of the MSDD algorithm is illustrated with simulation resultsunder different fading scenarios.

Multiple-Symbol Differential Detection for Distributed Space-Time Coding