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Several living systems have been examined for their apparent optimization ofstructure and function for quantum behavior at biological length scales.Orthodox type II endonucleases, the largest class of restriction enzymes,recognize four-to-eight base pair sequences of palindromic DNA, cut bothstrands symmetrically, and act without an external metabolite such as ATP.While it is known that these enzymes induce strand breaks by attackingphosphodiester bonds, what remains unclear is the mechanism by which cuttingoccurs in concert at the catalytic centers. Previous studies indicate theprimacy of intimate DNA contacts made by the specifically bound enzyme incoordinating the two synchronized cuts. We propose that collective electronicbehavior in the DNA helix generates coherent oscillations, quantized throughboundary conditions imposed by the endonuclease, that provide the energyrequired to break two phosphodiester bonds. Such quanta may be preserved in thepresence of thermal noise and electromagnetic interference through decoherenceshielding, the specific complex's exclusion of water and ions surrounding thehelix. Clamping energy imparted by the enzyme decoherence shield is comparablewith zero-point modes of the dipole-dipole oscillations in the DNA recognitionsequence. The palindromic mirror symmetry of this sequence should conserveparity during the process. Experimental data corroborate that symmetricbond-breaking ceases when the symmetry of the endonuclease complex is violated,or when environmental parameters are perturbed far from biological optima.Persistent correlation between states in DNA sequence across spatialseparations of any length--a characteristic signature of quantumentanglement--may be explained by such a physical mechanism.

Does quantum entanglement in DNA synchronize the catalytic centers of type II restriction endonucleases?