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In this thesis we calculate the baryon axial current within the combinedframework of the $1/N_c$ expansion and chiral perturbation theory, where $N_c$is the number of colors. This calculation shall consider Feynman diagrams toorder of one-loop, octet and decuplet intermediaries states. We obtaincorrections due to one-loop and perturbative SU(3) symmetry breaking. The firstcorrections come from Feynman diagrams, then talk about a broken chiralsymmetry in the implicit limit $m_q \rightarrow 0$, where $m_q$ is the quarkmass and the second corrections are obtained by ignoring isospin breaking andin that case the SU(3) symmetry breaking a first-order perturbation isincluded, leading an explicit break symmetry. The matrix elements of thespatial components of the axial operator between the states of the spin flavorsymmetry, give the typical values of the axial vector coupling. For the baryonoctet, links axial vector are $g_A$, just as they are defined in experiments ofbaryon semileptonic decays, where $g_A \approx 1.27$ for neutron beta decay. Instrong decays of the baryon axial vector couplings are $g$, which are extractedfrom the widths of the strong decays of baryon decuplet to octet of baryons andpions. The calculation of this work allows us to make various settings byminimum squares, i.e., adjusting our analytical expressions with data pilot canmake the comparison between theory and experiment. We found the comparison ofour theoretical results with the experiment are in total agreement.

The baryon axial current in large $N_c$ chiral perturbation theory