English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Zendy Plus

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Zendy Tools

Zendy Open

The role of neuro-inflammation in diverse, acute and chronic brainpathologies is being increasingly recognized. Neuro-inflammation is accompaniedby increased levels of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines; these havedeleterious as well as protective/reparative effects. Inflammation has varyingeffects on neurogenesis and is a subject of intense contemporary interest. Weshow that TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, used concomitantly, cause apoptosis of adultrat hippocampal progenitor/stem cells in vitro as detected by the TUNEL and MTTassays on time scales of several hours. We have coupled Raman spectroscopy toan optical trap to probe early changes of apoptosis in single, live neural stemcells that have been treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha andIFN-gamma. Changes caused by inflammation-induced denaturation of DNA areobserved in the Raman spectra that correspond to very early stages ofapoptosis, occurring on very fast time scales: as short as 10 minutes. Additionof the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 either 10-30 min before or 10-30 minafter treatment with TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma reverses the changessubstantially. Our findings imply that inflammation can induce very rapidchanges leading to cell death but that these are reversible, in the earlystages at least.

Raman spectroscopic detection of rapid, reversible, early-stage inflammatory cytokine-induced apoptosis of adult hippocampal progenitors/stem cells