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It is widely assumed that the most probable sites of flare occurrences arethe locations of high horizontal magnetic field gradients in the activeregions. Instead of magnetograms the present work checks this assumption byusing sunspot data, the targeted phenomenon is the pre-flare behaviour of thestrong horizontal gradients of the magnetic field at the location of the flare.The empirical basis of the work is the SDD (SOHO/MDI-Debrecen sunspot Data)sunspot catalogue. Case studies of two active regions and five X-flares havebeen carried out to find possible candidates for pre-flare signatures. It hasbeen found that the following properties of the temporal variations ofhorizontal magnetic field gradient are promising for flare forecast: the speedof its growth, its maximal value, its decrease after the maximum until theflare and the rate of its fluctuation.

Study of sunspot group morphological variations leading to flaring events