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It is widely believed that the pulmonary veins (PVs) of the atrium play thecentral role in the generation of atrial reentry leading to atrialfibrillation, but its mechanism has not been analytically explained. In orderto improve the current clinical procedures for atrial reentry by understandingits mechanism, geometrical analysis is proposed on the conditions of conductionfailure at the PVs and is validated by various computational modeling. Toachieve this, a new analytic approach is proposed by adapting the geometricrelative acceleration analysis from spacetime physics on the hypothesis that alarge relative acceleration can translate to a dramatic increase in thecurvature of the wavefront and subsequently to conduction failure. Thisanalytic method is applied to a simplified model of the PV to reveal the strongdependency of the propagational direction and the magnitude of anisotropy forconduction failure. The unidirectionality of the PVs follows directly and isvalidated by computational tests in a T-shaped domain, computationalsimulations for three-dimensional atrial reentry and previous in-silico reportsfor atrial reentry.

Geometric analysis on the unidirectionality of the pulmonary veins for atrial reentry