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At small lattice spacing, or when using e.g. overlap fermions, lattice QCDsimulations tend to become stuck in a single topological sector. Physicalobservables then differ from their full QCD counterparts by 1/V corrections,where V is the spacetime volume. Brower et al. and Aoki et al. have derivedequations by means of a saddle point approximation, to determine and to removethese corrections. We extend these equations and apply them to a simple toymodel, a quantum mechanical particle on a circle in a square well potential atfixed topology. This model can be solved numerically up to arbitrary precisionand allows to explore effects arising due to fixed topology. We investigate therange of validity and accuracy of the above mentioned equations, to remove suchfixed topology effects.

Studying and removing effects of fixed topology in a quantum mechanical model