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NOOP is a mathematical model of nominally-typed OOP that proves theidentification of inheritance and subtyping in mainstream nominally-typed OOprogramming languages and the validity of this identification. This reportgives an overview of the main notions in OOP relevant to constructing amathematical model of OOP such as NOOP. The emphasis in this report is ondefining nominality, nominal typing and nominal subtyping of mainstreamnominally-typed OO languages, and on contrasting the three notions with theircounterparts in structurally-typed OO languages, i.e., with structurality,structural typing and structural subtyping, respectively. An additionalappendix demonstrates these notions and other related notions, and thedifferences between them, using some simple code examples. A detailed, moretechnical comparison between nominal typing and structural typing in OOP ispresented in other publications.

An Overview of Nominal-Typing versus Structural-Typing in OOP