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The observation of non-bulk superconductivity with an unexpectedly high onsettransition temperature Tc up to ~ 49 K in non-superconducting singlecrystalline CaFe2As2 upon rare-earth doping has raised interesting questionsconcerning its origin. Several possibilities including interfacial mechanismhave been proposed to account for the unusual observation. In an attempt todifferentiate such propositions, we have carried out a systematic compositionaland magnetic study on single crystals of nominal (Ca1-xPrx)Fe2As2 with 0 <= x<= 0.13 throughout the solubility range of Pr, which covers both thenon-superconducting and superconducting regions. We found the unusualsimultaneous occurrence of superparamagnetism and superconductivity with anx-independent Tc and a close correlation of the superconducting volume fractionwith the magnetic cluster density and As-defect density. The findingdemonstrates a close relationship among superconductivity, superparamagnetism,and defects, consistent with the previously proposed interface-mechanism, andoffers a possible future path to higher Tc.

The simultaneous occurrence of superparamagnetism and superconductivity in nominal single crystalline (Ca1-xPrx)Fe2As2 with 0 <= x <= 0.13