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We measure and analyse the redshift distribution N(z) of magnitude-selectedsamples using spectroscopic redshift measurement from the magnitude-selectedVIMOS VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) with 17<iAB<24.75. We compute the N(z) and providereference parametric fits for i band, J, H and Ks band magnitud limitedsamples. The N(z) of a sample with iAB<24 has a mean redshift z=0.92, with 8.2%of the galaxies with z>2. Down to iAB<24.75 the sample has a mean redshiftz=1.15 and 17.1% of the galaxies are beyond z=2. The projected sky density is2.07+/-0.12 gal/arcmin2 at 1.4<z<2.5 and KsAB<22.5, 1.72+/-0.15 gal/arcmin2 at2.7<z<3.4 and 0.59+/-0.09 gal/arcmin2 at 3.4<z<4.5 brighter than iAB=24.75.Galaxies at z~3 identified from magnitude-selected samples are 1.5 to 3 timesmore numerous than when they are colour-colour selected. We demonstrate thatcolour-colour selected samples over 1.4<z<4.5 are strongly contaminated bygalaxies at other redshifts. Semi-analytic models on the Millennium simulationsunder-predict the number of luminous star-forming galaxies at z\sim1.8-2, aswell as over-predict the number of low-luminosity galaxies at z<0.8. Our studyprovides comprehensive galaxy number counts N(z) from galaxies withspectroscopic redshifts over a large redshift domain 0<z<5, a solid basis forthe measurement of volume-complete quantities. Magnitude-selected surveysidentify a higher number of galaxies at z>2 than in colour-colour selectedsamples, and we use the magnitude-selected VVDS to emphasize the largeuncertainties associated to other surveys using colour or colour-colourselected samples. Our results further demonstrate that semi-analytical modelson dark matter simulations have yet to find the right balance of physicalprocesses and time-scales to properly reproduce a fundamental galaxy populationproperty like the observed N(z).

The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey: the redshift distribution N(z) of magnitude-limited samples down to iAB=24.75 and KsAB=22