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In this paper, we consider a cognitive scenario where an energy harvestingsecondary user (SU) shares the spectrum with a primary user (PU). The secondarysource helps the primary source in delivering its undelivered packets duringperiods of silence of the primary source. The primary source has a queue forstoring its data packets, whereas the secondary source has two data queues; aqueue for storing its own packets and the other for storing the fraction of theundelivered primary packets accepted for relaying. The secondary source isassumed to be a battery-based node which harvests energy packets from theenvironment. In addition to its data queues, the SU has an energy queue tostore the harvested energy packets. The secondary energy packets are used forprimary packets decoding and data packets transmission. More specifically, ifthe secondary energy queue is empty, the secondary source can neither help theprimary source nor transmit a packet from the data queues. The energy queue ismodeled as a discrete time queue with Markov arrival and service processes. Dueto the interaction of the queues, we provide inner and outer bounds on thestability region of the proposed system. We investigate the impact of theenergy arrival rate on the stability region. Numerical results show thesignificant gain of cooperation.

On the Coexistence of a Primary User with an Energy Harvesting Secondary User: A Case of Cognitive Cooperation