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This thesis presents the study of four aspects of high energy astronomy. Thefirst part of the thesis is dedicated to an aspect of instrument developmentfor imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, namely the Level 2 trigger systemof the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). I am providing themotivation and principle of the operation of the Level 2 trigger, I amdescribing hardware implementation of the system and then I am evaluatingexpected performances. The second part of my thesis deals with the dataanalysis and modeling of broad-band emission of particular blazar PKS 1510-089.I am presenting the analysis of the H.E.S.S. data, together with the FERMI dataand a collection of multi-wavelength data obtained with various instruments. Iam presenting the model of PKS 1510-089 observations carried out during a flarerecorded by H.E.S.S.. The third part of my thesis deals with blazars observedby the FERMI-LAT, but from the point of view of other phenomena: a stronggravitational lensing. This part of my thesis shows the first evidence forgravitational lensing phenomena in high energy gamma-rays. This evidence comesfrom the observation of a gravitational lens system induced echo in the lightcurve of the distant blazar PKS 1830-211. The last part concentrates on anotherlensing phenomena called femtolensing. The search for femtolensing effects hasbeen used to derive limits on the primordial black holes abundance. I have usedgamma-ray bursts with known redshifts detected by the FERMI Gamma-ray BurstMonitor (GBM) to search for the femtolensing effects caused by compact objects.

Detection techniques for the H.E.S.S. II telescope, data modeling of gravitational lensing and emission of blazars in HE-VHE astronomy