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In the standard model of cosmology, the universe is described by aRobertson-Walker spacetime, while its matter/energy content is modeled by aperfect fluid with three components corresponding to matter/dust, radiation anda cosmological constant. On the other hand, in particle physics matter andradiation are described in terms of quantum field theory on Minkowskispacetime. We unify these seemingly different theoretical frameworks byanalysing the standard model of cosmology from first principles within quantumfield theory on curved spacetime: assuming that the universe is homogeneous andisotropic on large scales, we specify a class of quantum states whoseexpectation value of the energy density is qualitatively and quantitatively ofthe standard perfect fluid form up to potential corrections. Qualitatively,these corrections depend on new parameters not present in the standard LambdaCDM-model and can account for e.g. the phenomenon of Dark Radiation(N_eff>3.046), having a characteristic signature which clearly deviates fromother potential Dark Radiation sources such as e.g. sterile neutrinos.Quantitatively, we find that our more fundamental model can be perfectlymatched to observational data, such that we arrive at a natural and fundamentalextension of the Lambda CDM-model.

The Lambda CDM-model in quantum field theory on curved spacetime and Dark Radiation