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The transmission of quantum states through spin chains is an importantelement in the implementation of quantum information technologies. Speed andfidelity of transfer are the main objectives which have to be achieved by thedevices even in the presence of imperfections which are unavoidable in anymanufacturing process. To reach these goals, several kinds of spin chains havebeen suggested, which differ in the degree of fine-tuning, or engineering, ofthe system parameters. In this work we present a systematic study of twoimportant classes of such chains. In one class only the spin couplings at theends of the chain have to be adjusted to a value different from the bulkcoupling constant, while in the other class every coupling has to have aspecific value. We demonstrate that configurations from the two differentclasses may perform similarly when subjected to the same kind of disorder inspite of the large difference in the engineering effort necessary to preparethe system. We identify the system features responsible for these similaritiesand we perform a detailed study of the transfer fidelity as a function of chainlength and disorder strength, yielding empirical scaling laws for the fidelitywhich are similar for all kinds of chain and all disorder models. These resultsare helpful in identifying the optimal spin chain for a given quantuminformation transfer task. In particular, they help in judging whether it isworthwhile to engineer all couplings in the chain as compared to adjusting onlythe boundary couplings.

Quantum state transfer in disordered spin chains: How much engineering is reasonable?