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Annealing of Bi,Pb-2223/Ag composites in (O2+N2) atmosphere at 820-780C isbelieved to reduce the number of the accompanying phases, to make contactsbetween crystallites closer and to increase the critical current. The goals ofthis study were to reveal the changes in the 2223 lattice at annealing in thereduced oxygen atmosphere, to elucidate the reasons of these changes and todiscuss their effect on the ceramics superconductivity. After the annealing thetransversely-polarized displacement waves of oxygen atoms in [010]2223direction have been found in the 2223 phase by electron diffraction analysis.These waves could appear due to the lack of oxygen in the 2223 lattice or tothe nitrogen penetration in it. As demonstrated by the X-ray photo-electronspectroscopy and nuclear microanalysis, nitrogen does not interact with the2223 lattice, and the oxygen index decreases to 9.67, which is lower than thestoichiometric. Thus, the atomic displacement waves result from the lack ofoxygen in Bi-O bilayers.

Displacement Waves of Oxygen Atoms in Bi,Pb-2223 Lattice of Composites Annealed in Oxygen Reduced (O2+N2) Atmosphere