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The back-streaming neutrons from the spallation target at CSNS are veryintense, and can pose serious damage problems for the devices in theaccelerator-target interface region. To tackle the problems, a possible schemefor this region was studied, namely a specially designed optics for the protonbeam line produces two beam waists, and two collimators are placed at the twowaist positions to maximize the collimation effect of the back-streamingneutrons. Detailed Monte Carlo simulations with the beams in the two differentCSNS phases show the effectiveness of the collimation system, and the radiationdose rate decreases largely in the interface section. This can ensure the useof epoxy coils for the last magnets and other devices in the beam transportline with reasonable lifetimes, e.g. thirty years. The design philosophy forsuch an accelerator-target interface region can also be applicable to otherhigh-power proton beam applications.

Study on collimation and shielding of the back-streaming neutrons at the CSNS target