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Computing based on biochemical processes is a newest rapidly developing fieldof unconventional information and signal processing. In this paper we presentresults of our research in the field of biochemical computing and summarize theobtained numerical and experimental data for implementations of the standardtwo-input OR and AND gates with double-sigmoid shape of the output signal. Thisform of response was obtained as a function of the two inputs in each of therealized biochemical systems. The enzymatic gate processes in the first systemwere activated with two chemical inputs and resulted in optically detectedchromogen oxidation, which happens when either one or both of the inputs arepresent. In this case, the biochemical system is functioning as the OR gate. Wedemonstrate that the addition of a "filtering" biocatalytic process leads to aconsiderable reduction of the noise transmission factor and the resulting gateresponse has sigmoid shape in both inputs. The second system was developed forfunctioning as an AND gate, where the output signal was activated only by asimultaneous action of two enzymatic biomarkers. This response can be used asan indicator of liver damage, but only if both of these of the inputs arepresent at their elevated, pathophysiological values of concentrations. Akinetic numerical model was developed and used to estimate the range ofparameters for which the experimentally realized logic gate is close tooptimal. We also analyzed the system to evaluate its noise-handling properties.

Two-Input Enzymatic Logic Gates Made Sigmoid by Modifications of the Biocatalytic Reaction Cascades