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As a result of a collaboration between Jefferson Lab and niobium manufacturerCBMM, ingot niobium was explored as a possible material for superconductingradiofrequency (SRF) cavity fabrication. The first single cell cavity fromlarge grain high purity niobium was fabricated and successfully tested atJefferson Lab in 2004. This pioneering work triggered research activities inother SRF laboratories around the world. Large grain niobium became not only aninteresting alternative material for cavity builders, but also materialscientists and surface scientists were eager to participate in the developmentof this material. Most of the original expectations for this material of beingless costly and allowing less expensive fabrication and treatment procedures atthe same performance levels in cavities have been met. Many single cellcavities made from material of different suppliers have been testedsuccessfully and several multi-cell cavities have shown the performancescomparable to the best cavities made from standard poly-crystalline niobium.Several 9-cell cavities fabricated by Research Instruments and tested at DESYexceeded the best performing fine grain cavities with a record acceleratinggradient of Eacc = 45.6 MV/m. Recently- at JLab- by using a new furnacetreatment procedure a single cell cavity made of ingot niobium performed at aremarkably high Q0-value (~5x10^10) at an accelerating gradient of ~20 MV/m, at2K. Such performance levels push the state-of-the art of SRF technology to newlimits and are of great interest for future accelerators. This contributionreviews the development of ingot niobium technology and attempts to make a casefor this material being the choice for future accelerators.

The Rise of Ingot Niobium as a Material for Superconducting Radiofrequency Accelerating Cavities