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A cosmic scalar field evolving very slowly in time can account for theobserved dark energy of the Universe. Unlike a cosmological constant, anevolving scalar field also has local spatial gradients due to gravity. If thescalar field has a minimal derivative coupling to electromagnetism, it willcause modifications of Maxwell's equations. In particular, in the presence of ascalar field gradient generated by Earth's gravity, regions with a magneticfield appear to be electrically charged and regions with a static electricfield appear to contain electric currents. We propose experiments to detectsuch effects with sensitivity exceeding current limits on scalar fieldinteractions from measurements of cosmological birefringence. If the scalarfield has derivative couplings to fermions, it would also generate observableeffects in precision spin precession experiments.

Laboratory search for a quintessence field