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Wideband spectrum sensing is becoming increasingly important to cognitiveradio (CR) systems for exploiting spectral opportunities. This paper introducesa novel multi-rate sub-Nyquist spectrum sensing (MS3) system that implementscooperative wideband spectrum sensing in a CR network. MS3 can detect thewideband spectrum using partial measurements without reconstructing the fullfrequency spectrum. Sub-Nyquist sampling rates are adopted in sampling channelsfor wrapping the frequency spectrum onto itself. This significantly reducessensing requirements of CR. The effects of sub-Nyquist sampling are considered,and the performance of multi-channel sub-Nyquist samplings is analyzed. Toimprove its detection performance, sub-Nyquist sampling rates are chosen to bedifferent such that the numbers of samples are consecutive prime numbers.Furthermore, when the received signals at CRs are faded or shadowed, theperformance of MS3 is analytically evaluated. Numerical results show that theproposed system can significantly enhance the wideband spectrum sensingperformance while requiring low computational and implementation complexities.

Multi-rate Sub-Nyquist Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radios