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Since the discovery of a cancer initiating side population in solid tumours,studies focussing on the role of so-called cancer stem cells in cancerinitiation and progression have abounded. The biological interrogation of thesecells has yielded volumes of information about their behaviour, but there has,as of yet, not been many actionable generalised theoretical conclusions. Toaddress this point, we have created a hybrid, discrete/continuous computationalcellular automaton model of a generalised stem-cell driven tissue and exploredthe phenotypic traits inherent in the inciting cell and the resultant tissuegrowth. We identify the regions in phenotype parameter space where theseinitiating cells are able to cause a disruption in homeostasis, leading totissue overgrowth and tumour formation. As our parameters and model arenon-specific, they could apply to any tissue cancer stem-cell and do not assumespecific genetic mutations. In this way, our model suggests that targetingthese phenotypic traits could represent generalizable strategies across cancertypes and represents a first attempt to identify the hallmarks of cancer stemcells.

Intrinsic cell factors that influence tumourigenicity in cancer stem cells - towards hallmarks of cancer stem cells