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Observations of the Sgr A* region in the galactic center confirm the presenceof a large amount of matter in a small volume, leading to the consensus that ablack hole exists there. However, dynamical observations cannot rule out thepresence of a boson star, a compact object made up of scalar particles, as bothobjects are far more compact than the scale of current observationalconstraints. While a boson star in the galactic center is disfavored for anumber of theoretical considerations, we outline the first test that candirectly observe a boson star. We accomplish this by studying the stronggravitational lensing of S stars resulting from the assumption of a boson starin the Galactic Center. Boson stars have an extended mass distribution and aretransparent to electromagnetic radiation, giving rise to a radial causticcurve. We calculate the brightness of images formed by stars crossing theseradial caustics and show that a boson star would give rise to much brighterimages than a black hole with a similar mass and that those images would beeasily bright enough to be detected with upcoming instruments.

Method for detecting a boson star at Sgr A* through gravitational lensing