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Purpose: Grating-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging is a promising modalityincreasing the soft tissue contrast in medical imaging. In this work, thesignature of lung tissue in X-ray grating-based physe-contrast imaging isinvestigated. Methods: We used a Talbot-Lau interferometer for ourinvestigations of two C57BL/6 mice. Both underwent projection imaging andcomputed tomography. Results: The results show that the three images obtainedby X-ray phase-contrast imaging show complementary anatomical structures.Especially the dark field image allows a more-exact determination of theposition of the lung in the chest cavity. Conclusion: Due to its sensitivity togranular structures, the dark field image may be used for the diagnosis of lungdiseases in earlier stages or without a CT scan. Furthermore, X-rayphase-contrast imaging may also have great potential in the application ofanimal laboratory sciences to reduce the number of required animals used inlong-term translational, toxicity, and regenerative medicine studies.

Investigation of the signature of lung tissue in X-ray grating-based phase-contrast imaging