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In this study, we consider the use of seismic sensors for footsteplocalization in indoor environments. A popular strategy of localization is touse the measured differences in arrival times of source signals at multiplepairs of receivers. In the literature, most algorithms that are based on timedifferences of arrival (TDOA) assume that the propagation velocity is aconstant as a function of the source position, which is valid for airpropagation or even for narrow band signals. However a bounded medium such as aconcrete slab (encountered in indoor environement) is usually dispersive anddamped. In this study, we demonstrate that under such conditions, the concreteslab can be assimilated to a thin plate; considering a Kelvin-Voigt dampingmodel, we introduce the notion of {\em perceived propagation velocity}, whichdecreases when the source-sensor distance increases. This peculiar behaviourprecludes any possibility to rely on existing localization methods in indoorenvironment. Therefore, a new localization algorithm that is adapted to adamped and dispersive medium is proposed, using only on the sign of themeasured TDOA (SO-TDOA). A simulation and some experimental results areincluded, to define the performance of this SO-TDOA algorithm.

New algorithm for footstep localization using seismic sensors in an indoor environment