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We investigate the ground-state properties of spin-orbit coupledBose-Einstein condensates in spin-dependent optical lattices. The competitionbetween the spin-orbit coupling strength and the depth of the optical latticeleads to a rich phase diagram. Without spin-orbit coupling, the spin-dependentoptical lattices separate the condensates into alternating spin domains withopposite magnetization directions. With relatively weak spin-orbit coupling,the spin domain wall is dramatically changed from N\'{e}el wall to Bloch wall.For sufficiently strong spin-orbit coupling, vortex chains and antivortexchains are excited in the spin-up and spin-down domains respectively,corresponding to the formation of a lattice composed of meron-pairs andantimeron-pairs in the pseudospin representation. We also discuss how toobserve these phenomena in real experiments.

Spin-orbit Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates in Spin-dependent Optical Lattices