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Data from the Voyager probes and the Interstellar Boundary Explorer haverevealed the importance of pick-up ions (PUIs) in understanding the characterand behavior of the outer heliosphere, the region of interaction between thesolar wind and the interstellar medium. In the outer heliosphere PUIs carry alarge fraction of the thermal pressure, which effects the nature of thetermination shock, and they are a dominate component of pressure in theheliosheath. This paper describes the development of a new multi-ion,multi-fluid 3-D magnetohydrodynamic model of the outer heliosphere. This modelhas the added capability of tracking the individual fluid properties ofmultiple ion populations. For this initial study two ion populations aremodeled: the thermal solar wind ions and PUIs produced in the supersonic solarwind. The model also includes 4 neutral fluids that interact throughcharge-exchange with the ion fluids. The new multi-ion simulation reproducesthe significant heating of PUIs at the termination shock, as inferred fromVoyager observations, and provides properties of PUIs in the 3-D heliosheath.The thinning of the heliosheath due to the loss of thermal energy in theheliosheath from PUI and neutral interaction is also quantified. In future workthe multi-ion, multi-fluid model will be used to simulate energetic neutralatom (ENA) maps for comparison with the Interstellar Boundary Explorer,particularly at PUI energies of less than 1 keV.

Multi-ion, multi-fluid 3-D magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the outer heliosphere