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We investigate the effect of the anisotropy and of the directional pinning inYBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$ films grown by pulsed laser ablation from targetscontaining BaZrO$_3$ at 5% mol. BaZrO$_3$ inclusions self-assemble to givenanorods oriented along the c-axis, thus giving a preferential direction forvortex pinning. The directionality of vortex response is studied at high acfrequency with the complex microwave response at 48 GHz, as a function of theapplied field and of the angle $\theta$ between the field and the c-axis. Thecomplex microwave response does not exhibit any angular scaling, suggestingthat the structural anisotropy of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$ is supplemented by atleast another preferred orientation. The pinning parameter $r$ shows evidenceof directional pinning, effective in a wide range of angles around the c-axis(thus ascribed to BZO nanocolumns).

Directional vortex pinning at microwave frequency in YBa$_{2}$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$ thin films with BaZrO$_3$ nanorods