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We proposed an analytical model for the calculus of illumination time of theEarth for any time of year and any latitude, this model assumes the obliquityof the ecliptic as constant, the light beams as parallels, the Earth asspherical, the movement of translation of Earth as uniform circular, also thismodel showed a context of the astronomy whereby the teachers can teach thebasic physics.It was built through a relationship between the movement oftranslation and of rotation of the wave front light, then we found the ofillumination zone on the Earth and the illumination time is estimated in aparticular latitude with the uniform circular movement of Earth. Present modelwas confronted with the numerical results of the Geoscience Australia Agencyand it is found a maxim perceptual error of 1,6%, this value was assignedprimarily to the difference between the circular trajectory, in this model, andthe elliptical trajectory that is the real. Without the use of sphericaltrigonometry was obtained an analytical model that estimates very close thesolar illumination time at any time of year and any latitude on earth, themodel provides an authentic context for studying basic aspects of physics.

Estimation of solar illumination time on the earth by an analytical model: a fertile scenery for to teach physics